Internet:- Iska pura name International Network hai, jise sal 1950 me Wint Kark ne shuru kiya jinhe Internet ka pita kaha jata hai! Internet "networks ka network" hai, jisme lakho niji wa sarwajanik, local se global scope wale network hote hai!
Internet, communication ka ek mahatwapurn wa daksh madhyam hai, jisne kafi lokpriyah arjit ki hai! Internet ke madhyam se lakho wyakti suchnao, wicharo, dhwani, video clips ityadi ko computers ke jariye puri duniya me ek-dusre ke sath share kar sakte hai! Yah vibhinn aakaro wa prakaro ke network se milkar bana hote hai!
Internet par uplabdh data, protocal dwara niyantrit (control) kiya jata hai! TCP/IP dwara ek file ko kai chhote bhago me file server dwara bata jata hai, jinhe Packets kaha jata hai! Internet par sabhi computer aapas me isi procotal ka istemal karke wartalap (conversation) karte hai!
Internet ka vikas (Development of Internet):- Internet ka wartaman viksit rup warsh 1960 se ab tak lagatar networking ke vikas ka parinam hai! 50 aur 60 ke dashak me computers ko aapas me jodne ke uddeshya se America ke raksha vibhag ne DARPA (Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency) project ki sthapana ki jiska mukhya lakshya takniki shreshthta ko hasil karna tha DARPA ko prarambh me ARPA ke sankshipt name se jana gya! October, 1962 me DARPA aupcharik rup se computer networking ki research me jut gayi!
Is network project ke antargat ARPANET ( Advanced Research Projects Agency Network) ka pahla link 21 November, 1969 ko California wishwawidhalaya aur standard research institute ke madhya sthapit hua!
5 December, 1969 tak is network ke char nodes sthapit ho gaye! Warsh 1972 me is project ka aadhikarik name ALOTTANET se badalkar ARPANET hi kar diya gya! ARPANET ka sampurn vikas RFC (Request For Comment Process ) ke upar kendrit tha, jiska istemal aaj bhi internet protocal me ho raha hai! Isme istemal hone wala host software RFC1 hai jise California ARPANET ka America se bahar pahla network sanyojan NORSAR tha jo America aur Norway ke bich warsh 1973 me sthapit hua tha! Warsh 1984 se lekar 1988 tak CERN ne TCP/IP ko apne sabhi mukhya computers aur workstations me install kar liya tha! Asia me internet ka chalan warsh 1980 ke bad shuru hua!
Internet Ke Labh (Advantages of Internet) :- Internet ke labh nimnalikhit hai
. Yah dusre wyaktiyon se aasani se sampark banane ki anumati deta hai!
. Iske madhyam se duniya me kahin bhi, kisi se bhi sampark banaya ja sakta hai!
. Yah companies ke liye kimti sansadhan hai! Jis par we wyapar ka vigyapan tatha len-den bhi kar sakte hai!
. Internet par document ko prakashit karne par paper ityadi ki bachat hoti hai!
. Ek hi jankari ko kai bar access karne ke bad use fir se search karne me kam samay lagta hai!
Internet Ki Haniya (Disadvantages of Internet) :- Internet ki haniya nimnalikhit hai
. Computer me virus ke liye yah sarwadhik uttardayi hai!
. Internet par bheje gaye sandesho ko aasani se churaya ja sakta hai! Bahut - si jankari janchi nahi jati! Jo galat ya asangat bhi ho sakti hai!
. Anaichchhik tatha anuchit document/tatwa kabhi - kabhi galat logo dwara istemal kar liye jate hai!
. Cyber dhokebaz credit/debit card ki samast jankari ko churakar use galat tarike se istemal kar sakte hai!
Internet Sewaye (Internet Services):- Internet se user kai prakar ki sewao ka labh utha sakta hai, jaise electronic mail, multimedia display, shopping, real time broadcasting ityadi! Inme se kuchh mahatwapurn sewaye nimn prakar hai:-
Chatting:- Yah wrihat star par bhi istemal hone wali text aasharit sancharan hai, jisse internet par aapas me batchit kar sakte hai! Iske madhyam se user chitra, video, audio ityadi bhi ek - dusre ke sath share kar sakte hai!
jaise - skype, messenger, whatsapp yahoo ityadi!
Video Conferencing:- Video conferencing ke madhyam se koi wyakti ya wyaktiyon ka group kisi anya wyakti ya group ke sath dur hote huye bhi aamne - samne rahkar wartalap kar sakte hai! Is communication me uchch gati internet connection ki aawashyakta hoti hai! Aur iske sath ek camera, ek microphone, ek video screen tatha ek sound system ki bhi aawashyakta hoti hai!
E-Learning:- Iske antargat computer aadharit prashikshan, internet aadharit prashikshan, online shiksha ityadi sammilit hai, jisme user ko kisi subject par aadharit jankari ko electronic rup me pradan kiya jata hai! Is jankari ko wah kisi bhi output madhyam par dekhkar khud ko prashikshit kar sakta hai! Yah computer ya internet se gyan ko prapt karne ka ek madhyam hai!
E-Banking:- Iske madhyam se user ko wishwabhar me kahin se bhi apne bank account ko manage kar sakta hai! Yah ek swachalit pranali ka achchha udaharan hai, jisme user ki gatiwidhiyon (punji nikalne, transfer karne, mobile recharge karne ityadi) ke sath uska bank account bhi manage hota rahta hai! E-Banking se kisi bhi electronic device (pc, mobile aadi) par internet ki sahayata ki ja sakti hai!
E-Shopping:- Ise online shopping bhi kaha jata hai! Jiske madhyam se user koi bhi saman; jaise - books, clothes, gharelu saman, khilone, hardware, software tatha health insurance ityadi ko kharid sakta hai! Isme kharide gaye saman ki kimat chukane ke liye cash on delivery wa E-Banking (computer par hi website se bhugtan) ka istemal karte hai! Yah bhi wishwabhar me kahin se bhi ki ja sakti hai!
E-Reservation:- Yah kisi bhi website par kisi bhi wastu ya sewa ke liye khud ko ya kisi anya wyakti ko aarakshit karne ke liye prayukt hoti hai; jaise - railway reservation me, airwage, ticket booking me, hotel rooms ki booking ityadi me! Iski sahayata se user ko ticket counter par khade rahkar pratikksha(waiting) nahin karni hoti! Ise internet ke madhyam se kisi bhi jagah se kar sakte hai!
Aur bhi janne ke liye kripya part2 pe click kare! Internet Part2
